All ancient Mediterranean cultures disapproved of adultery—that is, the wife’s unfaithfulness to her husband and a man’s seduction of another’s wife.692 (A double standard existed when it came to a husband’s unfaithfulness with an unmarried woman.)693 Although it may have been frequent,694 adultery was shameful695 and was considered the most grievous form of “theft,”696 and it constituted a serious insult against another man’s or woman’s morality.697 A man who, informed of his wife’s adultery, refused